The Jazz Age free essay sample

The Jazz Age 1920 ;s Like all the changes during the course of history that the United States has experienced The Jazz age can be explained as a time to experiment and try different styles. This period was taken place during a time when big businesses started to grow even bigger and the United states became even more Industrialized. The Jazz Age happened after WWW. During WWW everyone was focused on the war. Everything the people would do was to benefit the war. Once the war was over most of the Americans were ready to experience new styles and start all over again.There were changes in clothes, women, music, writers evolved, crime increased, and daily life changed during this time. Women during WWW wanted to push for womens rights. Eventually the nineteenth amendment was passed for womens rights. Most of the women had husbands that were in combat during the war so women had to leave their housewife routine and work the Jobs that their husbands left once the war started. We will write a custom essay sample on The Jazz Age or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After the war women changed their look. A new trend started in which women were called flappers. Flappers were no longer the typical housewife, they smoked, drank, went out dancing, ND they voted.These women were more liberal, they wore shorter dresses and cut their hair really short. Another name for these women during The Jazz Age was also twiggy. After the war women wanted to avoid all the rules and the typical role they had to play. Jazz was being played everywhere by the sasss for example dance halls, speakeasies, and all over the country. Before Jazz was being introduced more in the country it was considered the devils music. Jazz is basically a mixture of experimental blues ragtime. Composers of Jazz mixed ragtime Into there music which soon became known as Jazz. Some of these composers were Pan Alley and Irving Berlin.Jazz Influenced everyone In America and even western Europe. In todays society music influences in how we dress and talk. Jazz during this period influenced how people acted after the war. Going out to these dances and liberating themselves was a way to avoid all the rules. A popular dance move during this period was called the Charleston. Besides Jazz, Broadway shows were very popular during this time. This form of entertainment not only brought a way to pass time but It also was a way to make a profit. The directors of these shows took these shows very seriously In order o provide quality entertainment to everyone.One of the most famous Broadway show was Sally, No, No, Nanette. The fashion trend during The Jazz Age showed the rapid changes in the people. Before this period women wore really long dresses, long sleeve shirts, their hair was long, and most of their clothing was conservative. Men used to wear baggy clothing, and cuffs on the sleeves. These old fashion clothing was known as the Titanic their hair was short with feathered headbands. Although when women started to wear these short dresses it shocked the world most of these trends inspired some of he clothing we wear today. Mens style was inspired by a man named Rudolph Valentine.He would wear his hair parted in the middle and pulled back. Men wore straw hats or flat tops and for an everyday look men would wear sport coats. The life style during The Jazz Age was carefree. There was not the typical united family. During this period the first affordable car was invented by Henry Ford. This car was called the Model-T. The car changed how the people lived. For example before the Jazz age if a girl wanted to date a boy she would of have to date him in her home where the parents were around to watch them. This was called parlor dating. The auto freed the youth from parlor dating.It gave the youth a feel of freedom. The invention of this affordable car also allowed families to move farther away from the inner city. The problem that occurred with this new invention is that it decreased church attendance. Families now would rather go out on Sunday drives than go to church. Crime also increased in the cities and the corruption of the youth was caused because of the automobile. We now can see crime everywhere we go. During this period gangs began to form and illegal bars were created. AH Capons was the leading role to all these crimes. He is known as one of the greatest gangsters in the United States.Prohibition was basically a law during this time that made alcohol illegal. Most of the Americans were in favor of this. But there a few that voted against this law. When gangs formed they took over many communities and opened speakeasies, which is an illegal underground bar. In a speakeasies these gangs would sneak in alcohol by bribing the police with the alcohol. The people that had the Job of sneaking in this alcohol were called bootleggers. In order to stop these crimes the 21st amendment was pushed wrought which repealed the 18th amendment and prohibition was mandated nation wide.Many writers evolved during this time most of them from the Harlem Renaissance. This time period took place between sass and sass. This period was known as a literary and intellectual that showed a new identity for African Americans. A critic and a teacher called it a spiritual coming of age in which African Americans can express themselves and show self determination. African Americans owned their own newspapers and magazines. This separated them from the mainstream. One of the leading magazines was written by Charles S. Johnson. His magazine became the leading voice for African Americans.Other writers were W. E. B Dubos, Longs Hughes, and Counted Sullen. This new artistic movement came from New Orleans. It can also be known as the hot spot for arts. The genre in this period was known as modernism and the new form of Jazz poetry. Most of the writers would write about their life during slavery and traditions that they had. This period gave African Americans a new identity in which they could expand their way of thinking nation wide. Many white literacy became interested with the writers of this time and they loud publish their works on a higher level. Hughes said that acceptance by the white world was less important than the expression of our individual dark-skinned selves. Only focused on social and culture issues during this time. People wanted the government to interfere less in their lives. By the time the war was over Americans were tired of the war and attempts to pass moral legislation. People in the end wanted a simple way of life. Most teenagers looked for a way to not follow rules by acting out and doing outrageous things. The image of the sass in the end was prosperity, a new life, and a deep culture conflict. Costello, The Jazz Age free essay sample The Jazz music of the Big Band Era was the peak of over thirty years of musical development. Jazz was so innovative and different that It could literally sweep the world, changing the musical styles of nearly every country. Big band Jazz that makes the feet tap and the heart race with excitement that It Is recognized with nearly every type of music. The musical and cultural revolution that brought about Jazz was a direct result of African-Americans pursuing careers In the arts following the united States civil war. As slaves African-Americans has learned few European cultural radiation.With more freedom to pursue careers in the arts and bringing African artistic traditions to their work, African-Americans changed music and dance, not only in the U. S. , but all over the world. For after the war, African American dancers and musicians created work that was not similar by hundreds of years of musical and dance traditions brought from the peasant villages of Europe. We will write a custom essay sample on The Jazz Age or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The music of Europe had a more base structure. European music through the nineteenth century was melodically based, with a square or waltz rhythmic structure. Differently, muchAfrican music has an organization which Is based around rhythm and accent, rhythms and accents that may actually shift and move In relation to each other as the music progresses. The big change that took place In music rhythmically was the shift away from the rhythmic structure. African musical tradition tends to count towards the accented beat so that an African may count 2 on the same beat a European would count 1 . It is typical of West African music to have rhythms of different lengths overlapping each other, creating shifting accents, sort of like a mix.Which is to say hat by the late sasss African-American Jazz music had developed a tradition where musicians put a strong rhythmic accent on 2 and 4 and melodic accents anywhere BUT on 1 . The first popular musical trend in the United States produced by this African-European combination was Ragtime, which first achieved popularity in the late 19th century. Ragtime musicians often used what are called ragged rhythms. Ragged rhythms were African-influenced rhythms, shortened so that the accent was off the beat, Instead of In rhythm with the beat.Ragtime musicians also occasionally used what were called blue harmonies and notes. Blue harmonies and notes used notes that didnt fit into the European concept of melody or harmony. Some of the notes dont even exist in European musical scales, so they were not recognized easily. The New Orleans bands of the late 19th century from which Big Bands evolved were varied. Some were social bands that played popular songs and music for dancing, some played marches and rags for weekend picnics and parties. Others specialized in their own variations on work and blues songs.Big Band Jazz ad its start in New Orleans in 1898 at the end of the Spanish-American war. Military bands returned to the port to flood the city with used band instruments. And African- Americans Interested In music quickly bought up hundreds of these instruments and began to form bands. Starting from square one, enthusiastic African American musicians taught themselves to play. This had two results: unconventional playing techniques and unconventional rendering of popular musical tunes. The playing techniques led to new and interesting sounds entering musicians vocabulary: objects as mutes, and others.The unconventional rendering of popular musical tunes led to Jazz. An African-American playing a popular tune would play it adding some African musical traditions, different musical scales and different and complex rhythms. These early Jazz bands played music that was, to put it mildly, loosely structured. A soloist or an instrumental section of the band played the melody and the remaining musicians improvised the harmony and rhythmic embellishments. Many Jazz bands arranged their music by rehearsing it by ear many times until all the musicians were in agreement about what went where, when.These Jazz bands often changed personnel, sometimes on a weekly basis. This frequent changing also helped the evolution of Jazz, preventing bands from becoming hidebound and determined to have a particular style or sound. On into the sasss change was the watchword of Jazz. The first Jazz record Livery Stable Blues, coupled with Dixie Sass Band One Step was made in 1917 by a White band from New Orleans called The Original Dixieland Jazz Band. The band was one of the first to bring the New Orleans style of Jazz to New York. After a music agent heard them in Chicago and brought hem to New York, where, within weeks, they were a sensation. Soon after their first record Victor records signed them for several more. The music recorded by the band was nearly conventional with no blue notes and only a smattering of ragged rhythms. Even so, the record sold over one million copies and had a profound effect on musicians and the public all over the U. S. As Jazz got popular, many New Orleans- based bands began spreading out across the country, playing in Chicago, New York City, Los Angels, San Francisco, or hitting the smaller towns.The first Jazz record by n African Americans, was by Kid Orgys band recording under the name of Spikes Seven Pods of Pepper Orchestra. The songs Orgys Creole Trombone and Society Blues where recorded in Los Angels in 1922. After 1923 the flood gates were open and African American Jazz became widely recorded. Early stars included other New Orleans musicians like King Oliver and Jelly Roll Morton, a Creole musician who, in the early sasss, recorded over a hundred of his own and others Jazz tunes. Some of the records are solo piano, but many are of Jelly Roll with his band the Red Hot Peppers.These early releases were great hits and record companies began recording nearly anyone who even claimed to be a Jazz musician. With records coming out by the hundreds, thousands of young people across the U. S. Decided they wanted to be Jazz musicians. The Jazz music boom had begun. But the enthusiasm for Jazz was not shared by everyone. Many in White middle America were concerned, and magazine and newspaper articles decrying the influence of African American music on society and the scandalous behavior, including dancing, it supposedly led to were not uncommon.Jazz had arrived and it had made an introduction. As a aced of rebellion, the Roaring asss was made for Jazz. The young and the hip delighted in anything that was new and exciting. The more staid and uptight members of society thought Jazz decadent and a moral which gave Jazz, for some, extra appeal. But the exciting new rhythms and harmonies was the huge force behind societys acceptance of Jazz. The first bandleader to achieve national recognition was Fletcher Henderson who formed a band in the early sasss. Originally his band was a dance band, playing waltzes and foxtrots. Over the course music.By the time the band took over at Roseland Ballroom and featured Louis Armstrong on trumpet, the band had become a Jazz band. Duke Elongating, a formally trained musician, also formed his band in the sasss, again as a dance band. The arrival of an innovative trumpeter named Bibber Mille and a talented saxophonist named Sidney Becket exerted a profound influence on the Elongations work, gradually helping to change the band into a remarkably creative Jazz big band. In 1935 that Jazz with a Swing beat achieved national attention and then in large part to Benny Goodman. As a youth Goodman was an extremely talented clarinetist.He studied tit a respected Jazz clarinetist in Chicago, leaving Chicago in 1928 for NYC where he was successful as a sideman. However, he didnt form his own band until a few years later when he got a recording contract thanks to the great Jazz impresario John Hammond. Soon after that he bought some scores from Fletcher Henderson, some of them arranged by Henderson himself. Despite Henderson fine arrangements, his band hadnt been doing well. Goodman, at the urging of John Hammond, hired Fletcher. The same arrangements which brought Henderson band lukewarm interest proved to be dynamite for the Goodman band.For the next several years Henderson arranged tunes for Goodman band in a Jazz/Swing style. Henderson arrangements are credited with helping sweep the Goodman band to national popularity the following year at the finish of an apparently unsuccessful cross- country tour in California. As it turned out, the radio broadcasts of the tour were scheduled too late for people in the east and Midwest. On the west coast, however, the broadcasts gained a devoted audience who, surprising the band, swarmed its final concerts. And it was with Benny Goodman that the Swing big band boom began, ND our narrative on Jazz draws to a close. After Goodman dramatic success ignited the Big Band craze, excellent musicians who had been working as sidemen for other bands found encouragement to start their own bands. Bands led by the Dodders, Glenn Miller, Bunny Bearing, Lionel Hampton, Harry James, and Gene Koura sprang into being. With big band Swing music in full bloom, it was only logical that Jitterbug dancing should also rocket to national popularity, which it did. Jazz music had an amazing affect on the Roaring Twenties. It tells many stories of sadness, experience and most of all, life.

Definition and Examples of Aphesis

Definition and Examples of Aphesis Aphesis is the gradual loss of a short unstressed vowel at the beginning of a word. Adjective: aphetic. Aphesis is commonly regarded as a type of aphaeresis. Compare with apocope and syncope. The opposite of aphesis is prothesis. Generally speaking, aphesis is more common in everyday speech than in formal varieties of spoken and written English. Nonetheless, many aphetic word forms have entered the vocabulary of Standard English. In International English Usage (2005), Todd and Hancock observe that while clipping tends to be rapid and usually applies to the loss of more than one syllable,  aphesis is thought to be a gradual process.   See Examples and Observations below. Also see: AphaeresisClippingEllipsisMetaplasmSound Change EtymologyFrom the Greek, to let go Examples and Observations Cute is an aphetic form of acute; longshore is the truncated form of alongshore. This explains the American usage longshoreman for our [Australian] stevedore. Stevedore is itself an aphetic adaptation of the Spanish estivador, which derives from estivar: to stow a cargo.Likewise, sample is an aphetic form of example; backward is an aphetic form of abackward; and vanguard was once avauntguard, from which avant-garde also derives.Ninny is an aphetic and abbreviated form of an innocent. More recently, we have squire from esquire, specially for especially. In the language of the law, several ambiguous forms survive: vow and avow; void and avoid.(Julian Burnside, Word Watching. Thunders Mouth Press, 2004)The Aphetic  Way as an Intensifier- [As an adverb and intensifier] way is an aphetic form of away; it used to be printed way with an apostrophe, but is rarely so today. It means a great distance or all the way, as in We were way off the mark and We went way to the end of the trolley lin e. Some dictionaries consider this adverbial way colloquial, and indeed it often has a conversational or informal tone, but others consider it appropriate for use at all levels except the most formal or oratorical. It also frequently functions conversationally as an intensifier, as in She was way underprepared for the assignment and the student slang exclamations Way out! Way cool! and the like.(Kenneth G. Wilson,  The Columbia Guide to Standard American English. Columbia University Press, 1993)- I was tired- way tired. I had been on the road- on the run- I dont know- several weeks- a long time.(Andrew Klavan, The Long Way Home. Thomas Nelson, 2010)-  Im really  way too lazy  to try to locate all those ingredients.(Sarah Mlynowski,  Frogs and French Kisses. Delacorte, 2006)-  Ã‚  The widespread, if witless, use of way to mean much or far, very or especially reveals how people favor simplicity over precision, easiness over elegance, popularity over individuality. Its unac ceptable to use this sense of way in your writing, and its unbecoming in your speaking.(Robert Hartwell Fiske,  Robert Hartwell Fiskes Dictionary of Unendurable English. Scribner, 2011) An Aphetic Verbal DoppelgangerDavid Brinkley welcomed Vice President Al Gore on his Sunday morning ABC program with a cordial Thank you for coming. Mr. Goreas so many guests now doanswered with the aphetic thank you with a slight emphasis on the you.Youre welcome used to be the standard response to thank you, writes Daniel Kocan of Orlando, Fla. Now thank you is the stock response to thank you. Since when, and why? Can you explain this recent doppelganger phenomenon?First to doppelganger: this is from the German for the ghostly double of a living person, and is an apt description of the returned thank you. Next to the aphetic, or shortening of words or phrases by the elimination of the unstressed word or syllable: the I is lost in I thank you.(William Safire, On Language: Let Er Rip. The New York Times, November 28, 1993) Pronunciation: AFF-i-sis Also Known As: aphaeresis, apherisis

Are Solar Panels Cost Effective in Massachusetts Research Paper

Are Solar Panels Cost Effective in Massachusetts - Research Paper Example These incentives include tax credits, improvements in household asset valuation, cost reductions stemming from higher demand and supply capabilities by licensed installers, and even rebates that provide instant cost recovery on solar photovoltaic system installation. Because of Massachusetts’ total basket of potential incentives, solar panels are not only cost effective, but can provide long-term financial benefits for consumers and businesses that can relatively quickly recoup the initial costs of installation. Why Solar Panels are Cost Effective in Massachusetts Solar photovoltaic cells are installed either on the rooftops of homes and businesses or as ground-level panels depending on the wattage required by the user and their available square footage or acreage. Most consumers install five kilowatt-capable solar panels which will require 500 square feet of available space in order to install this efficient system (Boston Solar, 2011). Typically, this type of solar energy sy stem will completely remove dependency on standard electric utilities which allows the consumer to be 100% self-reliant in electric energy production. Such a system ranges, in general, between $20,000 and $27,500 before considering any incentive enhancements. There are, however, less efficient solar packages that produce significantly less energy output and will force the consumer to be partially reliant on power production from their local utility companies to supplement solar-produced output. Despite this initial high cost of installation, it is estimated that a five kilowatt solar photovoltaic system will generate enough electricity to power the entire home and be equivalent to $2,200 in savings on annual electricity costs (Local Solar Panels, 2009). Thus, in one year, a $20,000 system provides a return on investment, before considering incentives, at 11 percent. Now, many consumers are turned away from installing a solar panel system due to the initial expenditure required. Not many consumers can readily afford such a high price for solar panel installation and will be forced to procure financing options (e.g. second mortgage or home mortgage refinancing) in order to have the system installed. Despite this, there are significant long-run advantages for having their own solar energy production system that are provided by the Federal government and Massachusetts government that enhance the initial 11 percent return on investment. The state of Massachusetts has created a Commonwealth State Rebate that provides consumers with up to $8,500 in repayments when installing a solar system with higher output levels. This rebate system was established in 2010 in order to entice consumers to consider installation. In fact, demand for the program was so very high that the program ran out of its initial funding capabilities, requiring Massachusetts government to provide an additional $222 million in funding over the initial budget of just $108 million (Boston Solar, 2011 ). With potential rebates of up to $8,500, the Commonwealth Rebate System now maintains the capability to increase return on investment from 11 percent to 53.5 percent, thus recapturing over half of the initial installation costs for the system. In 2008, the Federal gover

Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 33

Business Law - Essay Example In circumstance 1 (c), private and criminal law suits are involved. They serve a purpose of guaranteeing personal freedoms. This is because carrying guns in public is meant to enable the licensed individuals to secure the freedom of ownership of their assets such as money and cars while in public places. Moreover, violation of the terms of use of their guns leads to disputes between them and their governments. Lastly, in circumstance 1 (d), private and civil laws are involved. They serve the purpose of ensuring social justice. This is because disputes arising between potential employees and their employers would be addressed by private law. Moreover, the civil law ensures that all individuals enjoy equal economic rights hence deserving equal consideration during hiring (Browne et.al, 2). In scenario 2, precedent refers to a principle that had been established in a previous legal case that is persuasive to a court judge when deciding subsequent cases with similar facts. On the other hand, stare decisis refers to the act of abiding to the decided cases (Browne et.al, 4). Precedent will help the judge in deciding whether to close the different business for similar instances of misconduct through examining the applicability of the previously established rule in the current scenario. Correlation between the current and the previous cases will influence the judge to abide by the established rule. As a businessperson, knowledge of case law relevant to my business would help me make decisions regarding a shift of my business location. In scenario 3 (a), historical school of thought would help the judge to recognize the gay partner as a surviving spouse. The school of thought considers past principles established on a particular case to be influential in deciding the current case. Therefore, since there are other States that consider gay partners as surviving spouses the judge can also decide to follow suit. On the other hand,

The Charter of Rights and Free

The Charter of Rights and Freedom and its Affect on Canada Essay The Charter of Rights and Freedoms is a bill of rights granted constitutional status that was introduced in the Constitution Act of 1982 by Prime Minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau. The Constitution Act is also known as the repatriation of the Canadian Constitution. The Charter had several purposes; the first is â€Å"to outline and guarantee the political rights of Canadian citizens, as well as the civil rights of anyone who is residing on the territory of Canada† (The Canadian Charter. 1). Secondly, â€Å"It balances the rights of legislatures and courts through the ‘notwithstanding’ clause, which gives the federal and provincial parliaments limited powers to override court decisions â€Å", while section 2 of the bill enshrines the freedom of the press, allowing the media to release controversial reports without fear of the state (Ibbitson. 2012). Thirdly, it criminalized discrimination in society, government rulings and the judicial system and provides a set of ethical principles for all Canadians to follow, while promoting equality throughout the country. Social discrimination was widespread in Canada at the turn of the 20th Century. Many groups were discriminated against such as minorities and women. This was evident through the introduction of Clifford Sifton’s head tax, the â€Å"enemy aliens† and unbalanced gender equality between men and women. The first step in any change is to identify the problem. During the Holocaust of WWII the discrimination of Jewish people led to a mass genocide of 6 million people. After this affair it was realized that boundaries must be put in place to insure that basic human rights are respected. It was this idea that gave birth to the UN Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. In Canada the declaration paved paths for more government action regarding social and political discrimination, an example being the predecessor of the Charter, the Canadian Bill of Rights of 1960. This bill was introduced by Prime Minister John Diefenbaker and granted similar rights to the citizens of Canada. The difference between the Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the Bill, is that the Bill of Rights could be contested by the government and judicial system whenever anyone sees fit, which gave room for discrimination in government and court rulings. The catalyst to the creation of the Charter was the re-election of Pierre Trudeau and the Quebec Referendum. Prime Minister Trudeau was Canada’s first socialist prime minister, he was heavily influenced by the socialist European culture from the years he spent studying there. Trudeau’s most famous saying was a â€Å"Just Society†. â€Å"The Just Society will be a united Canada, united because all of its citizens will be actively involved in the development of a country where equality of opportunity is ensured and individuals are permitted to fulfill themselves in the fashion they judge best† (Trudeau. 968). During the Quebec Referendum when Quebec’s separatist movement was at its peak, the repatriation of the Canadian Constitution and the enactment of French language and French education rights (which is included in the Charter) were pieces of his platform to halt the referendum and part of his plan for a â€Å"Just Society†. After the refere ndum was rejected Trudeau kept true to his word and appealed the Constitution and enshrined the Charter of Rights and Freedom within it. The Charter of Rights and Freedom was a defining moment in Canada’s history as it protected women and homosexuals from discrimination and allowed them to establish an identity. Its creation also shows our country’s commitment to equality, human rights and social justice. The Charter changed Canada’s view on sexuality, gender equality and homophobia; it paved a path for the second wave of the feminist movement, helped legalize abortion, removed barriers for gay marriage and completely redefined the definition of marriage throughout Canada. Abortion was an extremely controversial topic throughout the 1900’s and the reason why free abortion is available in this country is because of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Before the 1969 and the passing of the Criminal Law Amendment Act, abortion was considered a criminal offense and no access to it was allowed. The right to having an abortion also brought along questions on gender roles and equality; as men were not restricted to what they could or could not do with their bodies. The catalyst to the Free Abortion Movement was the Sexual Revolution of the 1960’s in the USA, which due to their proximity to Canada also had an effect on our society. The revolution was the beginning to contraception, the acceptance of casual sex and sexual liberation. Along with these boundaries breaking changes also brought the legalization of abortion. The biggest push towards free abortion from within our country was the work of a man named Henry Morgentaler. Dr. Henry Morgentaler was a general practitioner in Montreal, who specialized in family planning. He was one of the first Canadian doctors to prescribe birth control and perform sterilization. In 1967, he presented a case before the House of Common Health and Welfare regarding illegal abortions and women’s rights to safe abortion, but was swiftly dismissed. The public reacted quickly to his stance on this issue, and he began to receive requests from desperate women to perform abortions. Morgentaler initially responded with a sympathetic â€Å"no†, but after he realized the life-risking extent that these women were willing to go to for an abortion, he chose personal values over civil obedience and began performing illegal abortions. His bravery and determination was the catalyst to the second wave of the feminist movement and kick started the right to legal abortions for all women in Canada. The section of the Charter of Rights and Freedom that was most significant to the Free Abortion Movement was section 7. Section 7 of the Charter states â€Å"Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of the person and the right not to be deprived thereof except in accordance with the principles of fundamental justice† (The Charter of Rights and Freedoms. 982). Before the Charter, in 1969 a law was passed that stated â€Å"a child can only be aborted if the life or health of a woman was threatened† and must be verified by a three-doctor hospital committee (Egan. 1998). But after the creation of the charter which granted woman the right to life or to make choices, such as â€Å"whether a woman had made a choice to get pregnant, continue a pregnancy, or end a pregnancy, or, framed differently, to have an abortion, or not have an abortion† (Downie. 2008). If the woman in question had not made the decision to become pregnant or even consented to the act of intercourse, then denying her right to having an abortion would violate the Charter and her right to live. Secondly, by limiting a woman access to medical services and forcing her to carry and support a fetus is an invasion of her right to security and a violation of the Charter. Thirdly, one of the reasons abortion is illegalized in many countries is because in many religions the act of protecting the fetus is sacred, causing many religious government fficers to implement bias laws against allowing abortion due to their beliefs. The charter states that all people have the freedom of belief and religion; if the individual does not believe in the practice of protecting the fetus then they should be allowed to make their decision accordingly. Lastly, the final verdict given by a judge on the Morgentaler case was: â€Å"The decision whether to terminate a pregnancy is essentially a mor al decision, a matter of conscience. I do not think there is or can be any dispute about that. The question is: whose conscience? Is the conscience of the woman to be paramount or the conscience of the state? I believe, for the reasons I gave in discussing the right to liberty, that in a free and democratic society it must be the conscience of the individual. † (Wilson. 1988) If the right to liberty was not given then the outcome of this significant case would be much different and women may have never been granted the right to free abortion. The changes that the Charter brought to the lives of pregnant woman were paramount. It not only allowed them to make choices with their body, but it also brought them closer in gender equality with men (as they were not longer restricted in bodily integrity) and paved a path for future changes in the lives of women. Until the re-election of socialist Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau in 1980 and enactment the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, homophobia was very common in Canada at the turn of the 20th century. Before 1970, homosexuality was seen as a criminal offense and anyone accused of homosexual acts was charged as a sexual offender. Similarly to the Free Abortion movement catalyst to the Gay Rights Movement was also the Sexual Revolution of the 1960’s and the re-election of Pierre Trudeau. Likewise to Morgentaler, there is also an extremely significant person to the rise of homosexual rights, Everett George Klippert. Klippert was mistakenly suspected of arson and was detained by the RCMP in August 1965. During his questioning he admitted that he was homosexual and had conducted several sexual acts with throughout the last 24 years. Though it was proven that Klippert was not involved in the arsonist case, the court because of his sexual activities had charged him with 6 counts of â€Å"gross indecency†. This sentence was seen as extremely unfair and cruel. Trudeau, who was the Prime Minister at the time, responded with this statement: â€Å"Take this thing on homosexuality, I think the view we take here is that there’s no place for the state in the bedrooms of the nation, and I think what’s done in private between adults doesn’t concern the Criminal Code. When it becomes public this is a different matter†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Trudeau. 967) And within six weeks of this statement Trudeau had created and passed the Criminal Law Amendment Act, which decriminalized homosexuality. This act along with the Charter of Rights and Freedom gave Canadians the gift of same-sex marriage. After the acknowledgement of same-sex marriage in 1969, it was pointed out that the traditional â€Å"one man/one woma n† biological requirement was not fulfilled. This difference led to the Canadian government denying same-sex partners the same benefits of the law as heterosexual partners. But later this is revoked, as the term â€Å"minorities† expressed in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms extends to include analogous minorities therefore all federal and provincial discrimination against same-sex couples must be overwritten. Secondly, â€Å"The Charter of Rights and Freedoms introduced in Canada in 1982 prohibits discrimination against homosexual couples on the basis of sexual orientation to counter the Canadian federal law which denies marital status to the group, thus depriving them of the federal privileges allowed to heterosexuals†(Findlay. 5). Later in 1999 because of sexual orientation becoming a form of discrimination, the Supreme Court of Canada pronounced that same-sex partners now legally have the same rights and benefits as common-law couples. Lastly, at the turn of the 20th century one of the most dominant religions in Canada was Christianity. The Christian religion did not accept the idea of homosexuality, and because this belief was so do minant at the time, it created bias laws and discriminated against gay citizens of Canada. Until the creation of the Charter which granted the right to religion and personal beliefs, there was no way to argue against this religious discrimination. Finally in 2003 the Ontario Court of Appeal stated that the exclusion of same-sex couples from the definition of marriage violated equality rights under the Charter. Without the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, homosexuals would not have the rights and acceptance in society as they do in the present day. The Charter completely redefined the meaning of marriage and gave homosexuals the ability to bind themselves to their loved ones with not only their body and soul, but also with vows and aws. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms was a defining moment in Canada’s history because it protected women and homosexuals from discrimination and gave them several fundamental freedoms that they did not possess before. Women finally gained the right to control their own bodies, and homosexuals received the freedom to love who they wish, without hiding it. The Charter really placed Canada on the map as a place of freedom and expression, perhaps even more so than our neighbor â€Å"The Land of the Free†. It geared Canada on a path to what it is today, a place of diversity, tolerance and the land of the â€Å"The True North Strong and Free.

Othello - Compared To Twelfth Night :: essays research papers

"She loved me for the dangers I had pass'd, and I loved her that she did pity them" (Othello, I.iii 166-167). William Shakespeare’s tragedy "Othello," is pervaded by a dominant theme, one of love. Othello, the Moor of Venice falls madly in love with a woman named Desdemona. They marry and are very happy together. Othello and Desdemona face many trials during the course of their nine-month marriage. The most notable one occurs when Barbanzio, Desdemona’s father accuses Othello of getting his daughter with witchcraft. During a court hearing, Desdemona confesses her love for Othello and Barbanzio is forced to let her go. "I am hitherto your daughter: but here's my husband, and so much duty as my mother show'd to you, preferring you before her father, so much I challenge that I may profess due to the Moor my lord" (Othello, I.iii 184-188) As the course of events shift, Othello and Desdemona end up in Cyprus together. Iago, ensign to Othello, in his lust for power, tricks Othello into believing that Desdemona has had an affair. Othello is overcome by jealousy, the "green eyed monster." "O, beware, my lord, of jealousy; it is the green-eyed monster which doth mock the meat it feeds on†¦" (Othello, III.iii 169-171) In his rage, Othello charges Iago with the killing of Cassio, his lieutenant who supposedly slept with his wife. Othello then plans to kill Desdemona. Even during the course of the killing, Othello maintains his love for Desdemona (although this might seem a contradiction.) He refuses to defile her body in any way. "Yet I'll not shed her blood; nor scar that whiter skin of hers than snow, and smooth as monumental alabaster." (Othello, V.ii 3-5)He then proceeds to choke or smother her to death. The theme of love in Othello changed from puppy love, the lighter side of love, to jealousy, the darkest side of love. In stark contrast to the dark and tragic "Othello," is one of Shakespeare’s lightest and funniest comedies, "Twelfth Night." The theme of love is presented in a highly comical manner. Shakespeare, however, once again proves himself a master by interweaving serious elements into humorous situations. "Twelfth Night" consists of many love triangles, however many of the characters who are tangled up in the web of love are blind to see that their emotions and feelings toward other characters are untrue. They are being deceived by themselves and/or the others around them.

In the Eyes of the Common Filipino Essay

In what ways does Campus Journalism become a good ground for developing Nationalistic Ideals? Maria Blandina Pamaong fondly known by her friends as ‘Inday’ wakes up at four in the morning to prepare her goods and products for her eighteen year old small business. She lives in Capitol Valley just a trek away from BIT Dao. In a 4 kilometer drive with her husband Marito in a tricycle, they carry all their goods all the way to the Tagbilaran Rizal Park and reach there by 6:00am. They stack and arrange thee products neatly for the benefit of passers by. She’s now 47 years old and has been this woman whom I buy the sweetest popcorns and snack from, every time I go to the church across the road. And I’ve been buying from her ever since I could remember. At the same time, she had been a witness of different stories in Rizal Park as far as she could recall when she started. She has four children. All of whom are boys. The eldest, Marito, Jr. , just graduated at BISU MC with the course of something Automotive Mechanic and is now in Cebu. Following him, Marc Anthony is now in Cebu Philippine State College of Aeronautics. And the other two, Matthew and Vincent are studying high school at Dr. Cecilio Putong National High School (DCPNHS). You didn’t think she was some kind of low profile nothing, right? As far as I can tell she was able to send them to school with a 500Php daily income from her small business and their tricycle. To add, ‘Inday’ has worked her way to graduate of Bachelor of Science in Commerce at Holy Name University (HNU). You see, I find her the best person to answer my question above. And it is because she is part of the common ‘pinoy’. She is the witness, the spectator of unwavering events that does seem to shape our ideals today. And she is also the testimony to the positive nationalistic ideals that is either preserved or annihilated. Similarly, her experiences speak of the ideals that she has cultivated and the dreams that were forgotten. For instance, she has encountered many young Filipinos dating in their vulgar exhibit of Public Display of affection (PDA). Many of these students are in their school uniforms. They go frolicking as if they’re proud that they’re doing it while they’re from a catholic school. She has also bared the irresponsible littering done by many. They cast trash as if it was nothing harmful. In other occasions, she finds joy among volunteers who are very cooperative especially towards keeping the park clean. They have also blessed them with gifts and packed lunches especially during Christmas season. She is glad that thee people are compelled to share what they have gained. And when I reached to that question, she was assured of her answers. First, she shared the nationalistic ideals she adheres. She enumerated hard work, respect, self-discipline and self respect as the ideals she yearns for everyone who has neglected them. Afterwards, she said that the affectivity of journalism as a ground for developing these ideals will depend upon the people. Will they do something after they’ve read an article like this? Will they respond for the greater good? She even said that when those who see the signs like â€Å"keep off the grass†, they will have different reactions. The other one would probably follow it and another wont. Likewise, she agrees that campus journalism is a good ground for the development of nationalistic ideals. â€Å"Maayo na lang ng nay naningkamot†, she affirms. We both agreed that it does become an excellent ground by reminding and guiding us into noticing the ideals that we should regain. People will always respond to these guides in different ways. Just like her children, they answer differently to her concerns. She says that with higher technology among the new generation, it is indeed great. It is absolutely immense to have journalists’ and campus journalism to wake and endorse the ideals that we’ve grown to and may have been lost. It is amazing too that this came from her. All this is from a persistent vendor, under a coke tent in Rizal Park just across the St. Joseph Cathedral. And that this lady, whose hobby was reading romantic and horror books, looks forward. She positively looks forward for journalists who will write for the betterment of the Filipino nationalistic ideals engraved to every Filipinos mind and heart.